Information technology and employment issues Essay

Data innovation and business issues - Essay Example Aside from dissecting efficiency, the investigation additionally transfers more data on how the nearness of innovation has influenced business openings in the US as well as all around. As per contemplates, numerous individuals are dreadful and incredulous with regards to issues in regards to change in work environments. The most dreaded type of progress is the one that includes new and complex advancements. At the point when such changes happen, in addition to the fact that it instills dread outcome to improvement of unpleasant qualities among laborers, particularly the old just as the less-taught faculty (Jordan, 2012). This is on the grounds that as indicated by many, presentation of changes as a rule accompanies various repercussions, both positive and negative. As indicated by contemplates, the current age accompanied various changes, the most well-known being data innovation. This advancement came about dread among many staff individuals from organizations and associations. As i ndicated by examines, individuals dreaded this sort of progress in their work environments since it implied that a few people would lose their positions (Jordan, 2012). Since PCs do various errands, this suggested numerous individuals endure joblessness and just hardly any PC proficient people would remain. Aside from dread of losing positions and getting futile, innovation has its own advantages too. This is on the grounds that presentation of innovation in work environments likewise contributes straightforwardly to work creation (Miller and Atkinson, 2013). As indicated by considers, the pace of jobless individuals is ever on the ascent in the US as well as comprehensively.

Importance of Political Parties essays

Significance of Political Parties papers Significance of Political Parties in Todays Democracy We live in a general public where individuals can voice their feelings regarding any matter they wish. As a result of the rights ensured to us in our constitution, each individual can make their thoughts known to the network. Normally individuals with comparative perspectives and thoughts would will in general structure bunches together. These gatherings, or gatherings are a fundamental piece of our political framework. One individual alone can't generally transform anything. Some of the time a remarkable thought or show performed by one individual can get consideration yet as a rule it takes a gathering to be taken note. It is simple for gatherings (the bigger the better, for example Democrats/Republicans) to be recognized on the off chance that they have a plan to propose to government. The manner in which these gatherings are recognized is they can discover numerous individuals who share a thought and show that there is a vast dominant part of individuals who feel emphatically about an issue. This at that point affects government in light of the fact that the administration authorities who wish to be reappointed attempt to actualize the thought raised into the legislature in order to pick up the votes of the individuals in that party. Without ideological groups our legislature would not have the option to exist. The heads of various ideological groups run our administration. In the event that there were no gatherings than whoever ran for chose positions would win exclusively on karma and the measure of cash that they spent crusading with the goal that they could open themselves to whatever number individuals as could be allowed. Particularly if individuals with numerous comparable thoughts ran against one another the champ would be founded on who was more uncovered instead of who was progressively qualified. Going to cast a ballot would be close to outlandish in light of the measure of up-and-comers that would be on the polling form. At the point when individuals partner with an ideological group they get something beyond an individual to decide in favor of. Gatherings on town, state and national levels can be gone to in which an individual can offer contribution to their gathering chiefs. ... <!

Compare and Contrast Paper Essay Example for Free

Look into Paper Essay I have decided to utilize Story of an Hour, composed by Kate Chopin and The Necklace, composed by Guy de Maupassant for this look into paper. I will probably show similitudes just as contrasts between these two pieces and give examination of the attempts to give a more profound knowledge into the subject of this paper. The topic I find comparable in these two pieces is voracity: you ought to be content with what you have. In the two stories you have ladies that are troubled in their circumstances, appearing to consistently be needing for additional. While the accounts are totally different, they do have a comparative message. Dr. Emily Chen, PhD states:† that perusing an abstract book is a piece of an intricate procedure that incorporates joint effort between the author, the content, and the peruser. Content is re-made each time another person understands it, and it becomes, all the while, progressively more extravagant. Content is an upgrade that inspires reactions from us dependent on our past encounters, our past perusing, our contemplations, and our sentiments: the content follows up on the peruser and the peruser associates with the text†. (Chen, 2009). Every story, read by every individual will in all likelihood unlawful an alternate view dependent on their background, temperament, age and sex. â€Å"Your condition and individual encounters impact your reaction to stories. Regardless of whether you know about it or not, the focal point through which you imagine a story is separated by bits of knowledge you have picked up from family customs, strict convictions, and basic life issues. Subsequently, translations of a story change dependent on the perusers age and broadness of experience. Feelings influence ends drawn from stories. Translations contrast from culture to culture. †(Clugston, 2010). Perusing every one of these accounts presently, influence me uniquely in contrast to on the off chance that I had perused them ten, fifteen or twenty years back. The Necklace and Story of an Hour are both short stories set in about a similar timespan, the late 1800’s, in private habitations. The Necklace is a tale about a lady, Madame Loisel that is discontent with her straightforward life as a clerk’s spouse. She is continually wandering off in fantasy land about the better things throughout everyday life and the wealth that she feels that she is passing up. â€Å"She endured strongly, feeling herself conceived for each delicacy and each extravagance. She experienced the neediness of her home, from the well used dividers, the scraped seats, the offensiveness of the stuffs. † (de Maupassant, 1884). Madame Loisel’s spouse, with an end goal to attempt to bring her satisfaction, gets a solicitation to a gathering with the first class townspeople. Still upset since she didn't have a fitting dress to wear, Madame Loisel’s spouse gives her the cash he was putting something aside for himself so she could go out and buy a dress. And still, at the end of the day she is as yet upset since she has no adornments to wear with it. She asks her companion Madame Forrester to acquire her something suitable and winds up obtaining a â€Å"diamond† neckband from her. At last, the accessory is lost the evening of the excellent party. Madame Loisel and her better half wind up working themselves to death for the following ten years to take care of the obligation they brought about in supplanting the accessory, which wound up being a phony at long last. Their life as they once realized it was finished. Story of an Hour is a short story including Louise Mallard, a despondent housewife with a heart condition. In the story she learns of her husband’s passing and inside minutes goes from sobbing wildly to glad and happy. â€Å"She said it again and again faintly: free, free, free! The empty gaze and the vibe of dread that had tailed it went from her eyes. † (Chopin, 1884). Mrs. Mallard felt abused in her marriage, that her significant other didn't cherish her and found a feeling of opportunity from his passing. â€Å"She realized that she would sob again when she saw the sort, delicate hands collapsed in death; the face that had never looked spare with affection upon her, fixed and dim and dead. In any case, she saw past that unpleasant second a long parade of years to come that would have a place with her completely. † (Chopin, 1884). At last, Mr. Mallard didn't go in the mishap and when he got through the entryway and she saw him, Louise passed right at that point. Every story includes a despondent lady as the principle character. Madame Loisel in The Necklace is discontent with her monetary circumstance, continually fantasizing about the better things throughout everyday life. Louise Mallard in Story of an Hour is a despondent housewife with a heart condition, feeling persecuted in her marriage. At long last, the two ladies take care of their needs: Madame Loisel to be well off or seen as rich pays by giving up her life to work twice as difficult to reimburse an obligation. Louise Mallard needing her opportunity at long last gets it when she hears her significant other has been executed in a mishap, just to lose it with her demise as he really strolls in the entryway. Anticipating is utilized in both these accounts too. Foretelling is portrayed in our course reading as:†A procedure an essayist uses to imply or propose what the result of a significant clash or circumstance in an account will be† (Clugston, 2010). Hinting gives us a few pieces of information with regards to a portion of the occasions that will may perhaps unfurl in the accounts. In The Necklace, the line It was not I, madam, who sold this accessory. I just provided the case. (de Maupassant, 1884) gives a little insight that the neckband may not in reality have been certified jewels. In Story of an Hour, the straightforward actuality that the initial line expressed Louise Mallard had a heart condition I feel, give some insight immediately with respect to the reality she would bite the dust in the story. The line â€Å"someone was opening the front entryway with a latchkey. † (Chopin, 1894), likewise provides some insight that she could be sufficiently astounded to have her heart fizzle. â€Å"There was something going to her and she was hanging tight for it, frightfully. What right? She didn't have any acquaintance with; it was excessively inconspicuous and slippery to name. In any case, she felt it, crawling out of the sky, coming to toward her through the sounds, the fragrances, and the shading that filled the air. † (Chopin, 1894). This line, I feel, shows that Loise may even have felt her looming passing. Conceivably the reference in the line â€Å"But she felt it, crawling out of the sky, coming to toward her through the sounds, the aromas, the shading that filled the air. † (Chopin, 1894), could be a reference as to Jesus coming to take her to paradise. Incongruity happens in both of these accounts also. Incongruity is characterized in out course book as: â€Å"A disparity or inconsistency happens between what is required to occur and what really occurs in a (circumstance incongruity) or in a communicated articulation (verbal incongruity). † (Clugston, 2010). Incongruity is appeared in The Necklace when Madame Loisel runs into Madame Forrester in the city. Her companion didn't perceive her since she had matured such a great amount from all the additional work she needed to do to pay her obligation. They have a discussion about the neckband and how she had lost it and supplanted it, I brought you back another simply like it. What's more, presently for a long time we have been paying for it. You will comprehend that it was difficult for us, who had nothing. Finally, it is done, and I am forceful happy. (de Maupassant, 1884) and Madame Forrester answers Oh, my poor Mathilde. Be that as it may, mine were bogus. At most they were worth 500 francs! (de Maupassant, 1884). Madame Loisel had the specific inverse of the existence she had fantasized about. Incongruity is appeared in Story of an Hour by the way that Louise was so happy at the idea of her newly discovered opportunity that he began picturing her future alone and thought â€Å"It was just yesterday she had however with a shiver that life may be long. † Little did she realize her life would wind up shorter than she could envision. Both of these accounts speak to death in the manner that Madame Loisel and her husband’s life as they was already aware it passed on the night the accessory was lost. Louise Mallard basically kicked the bucket, I feel, from seeing her opportunity being removed by her better half despite everything being alive: her heart essentially couldn't take it. She not just lost the opportunity she so ached for when her significant other strolled through the entryway, demise made it inconceivable for her to ever have that opportunity. These accounts hold contrasts also. The Necklace is set in Paris and ranges years while the Story of an Hour doesn't give a careful spot however is probably set close to where the creator lived in St. Louis, Missouri and just means one hour of time. In The Necklace, Madame Loisel’s spouse is continually attempting to fulfill her, first by bringing her a greeting: But, my dear, I figured you would be satisfied. You never go out, and heres a possibility, a fine one. I had the hardest work to get it. Everyone is after them; they are significantly looked for and relatively few are given to the agents. You will see there all the official world. (de Maupassant, 1884) and giving her cash to purchase a dress. Despite the fact that Madame Loisel is discontent with her money related circumstance, it is never suggested that she is discontent with her better half. In Story of an Hour notwithstanding, it is suggested that Louise Mallard is troubled in her marriage and she didn't feel cherished by her better half, â€Å"the face that had never looked spare with affection upon her†. (Chopin, 1894) nor did she love him, â€Å"And yet she had adored himâ€sometimes. Regularly she had not. What did it make a difference! † (Chopin, 1894). I feel that the main time Louise Mallard is genuinely upbeat is the point at which she thinks she at last has the opportunity to do anything she desires. Every one of these accounts has ladies spoken to in various manners, no doubt since they were composed by various gendered creators. Story of an Hour was composed from a female perspective and The Necklace was composed from a male perspective. The time allotment wherein these accounts were composed is a huge factor in the style they were composed. The late 1800’s wa

Child Signalling Difficulty in Emotion Regulation | Theories

Kid Signaling Difficulty in Emotion Regulation | Theories † The youth shows the man, as morning shows the day.† Milton, John (1671) Paradise recovered book IV. line 220 English conceived Poet, John Milton analyzes how we can endeavor to foresee conduct of grown-ups by their experience as a kid. The intriguing utilization of the climate as a comparison portrays how expectations can be made and can unfurl to be valid; then again, climate is unusual and doesn’t consistently follow an example. This he construed likewise to be valid for individuals. Researchers, early thinkers and cutting edge therapists the same have yearned for edification into understanding human conduct. Numerous scholars, conduct and humanistic analysts have completed research to endeavor to comprehend the inner working model of the person and their socialization. Research by Bowlby (1951) and Mary Ainsworth (1967) have been persuasive in this field and their discoveries and speculations have given understanding into examples of relating and connection. Rutter’s and Carl Rodgers’ self-completion hypothesis gave plan to everlasting optimists.This paper will exhib it from a scientific and basic viewpoint the conceivable relationship of a specific youngster flagging trouble in feeling guideline and his past and current encounters, examples of relating and impression of his condition. This paper will basically apply the speculations of social learning, subjective turn of events and humanistic brain science to the child’s conduct. A careful all encompassing evaluation will be executed on the specific youngster (see informative supplement 1) and all territories of concern raised by guardians and experts will be thought of, examined and investigated. The speculations will be contrasted with give a more noteworthy comprehension of the necessities of the youngster and how best to help parental figures in actualizing change. After everything considered a conduct the board plan will be orchestrated, its systems sketched out and the challenges and restrictions to its execution examined. With the end goal of this Essay the sum total of what names have been changed to secure the character of the family. Allude to information assurance act here All encompassing evaluation On the off chance that there are worries with a child’s wellbeing and improvement a comprehensive appraisal should be integrated. To deliver an evaluation of a kid comprehensively is to see it completely. Comprehensive quality is a moderately new idea it is utilized where there are multidimensions included or complex interlaced issues. It is additionally utilized if there is a learning or social target which can be quantitive after some time. The assessor would allude to the all encompassing appraisal to build up whether an objective or objective has been reached .Evidence for the evaluation must remember numerous perceptions for various settings and from more than one source. The evaluation will mull over all factors that may involve the child’s physiological, mental wellbeing just as ecological variables that they might be presented to. The evaluation can feature zones of concern or light where one issue might be precursor to another. It is regularly testing to see wh ere one trouble starts and another closures. This is particularly obvious for the situation study referenced in this Essay. The conduct Ruining Social uneasiness No eyecontact Articulation and deadpan Over consistence Doesn’t look for comfort Particular eating Advancement Potential reasons : socio segment work misfortune. Maternal hardship, Bowlby, ainsworth. Parental clash : scholar ? Parental emotional wellness : scholar? A wide range of parental figures all lethargic or conflicting : RAD Pain from hardship from father whom he had a bond however was precarious : Maslow Pre natal cocaine use: speculations? The loss of bonds as loss Educated conduct molding character skinner no encouraging feedback of warmth Intellectual harm :study of child rearing. Early connection issues John Bowlby Mary Ainsworth Mary Ainsworth proposed connection between a youngster and its guardian is inborn. She considers understanding to be youth as an outside factor that shapes and builds up the connection, and relationship. The degree of responsiveness of the parental figure has an immediate connection with the advancement of the connection. Rutter Conceivable RAD finding Generally there has been little examination into this issue also called Reactive connection disorder.(APSAC)à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ ¸notes that; â€Å"RAD is one of the least inquired about and most ineffectively comprehended disarranges in the DSM† (p. 80; Chaffin et al., 2006). It states in the DSMà ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ ¹ that there are two sorts repressed and disinhibited. Kids with hindered type don't start social communication; their reaction to others would be viewed as formatively wrong. In understanding to the achievements expected to accomplish ( ) they could show up socially on edge, exceptionally irresolute or give conflicting reactions. For instance they frequently oppose comfort from the guardians. They express no response to warmth they seem wooden, or aloof. The youngsters stay vigilant of others while truly and sincerely staying away. Social learning hypothesis Relational peculiarities It is significant that as indicated by look into completed by the ALSPAC study group proof proposes that youngsters living in a mixed family or a mind boggling nuclear family where they are not with the organic mother, the kids have issues modifying (Hetheringtonet al.,1999:cited in Dunn,2002). Research alspac (Child rearing limit Child rearing styles and their impacts on a child’s improvement has been concentrated by baumrind (1972) through her investigations she examined proof that recommended that child rearing styles prompted clear various results for the kid. The zones of child rearing that Baumrind focussed on was warmth and nurturance , guardians desires for their kids, consistency of rules and their general degree of correspondence. As per Baumrind styles of child rearing can affect intellectual, physiological, mental and social turn of events. Pryor and Rodgers (2001) recommends that upsetting circumstances, for example, parental clash, parental psychological well-being and monetary troubles, in spite of the fact that, affect a child’s prosperity the degree of effect is controlled by the nature of child rearing and parent - youngster relationship. There are Three styles of child rearing tolerant, tyrant and definitive. Dictator kids as indicated by Baumrind (1972) have a for the most part miserable mien, they seem restless and pulled back Socialization Guideline of feelings are essential to our socialization. It has been communicated via carers that Frankie’s face of feeling is restrained and outward appearances are nearly nonexistence. Gross(2002) would propose this is brought about by a concealment of a feeling. This would negatively affect wellbeing as indicated by Gross (2002) not from an erratic event yet in the event that the concealment of that feeling was persistent for a generous timeframe. The physiological response would in any case happen so the effect of the feeling would in any case be felt however not communicated. â€Å"we estimated that people who constantly smother should have lesser pessimistic and constructive feeling expressive behaviour†. (J.GRO.SS 2002)⠹㠢⠁â ° (Steele et al., 2008) would offer counter proof that the decoding of expressive facial reactions and their importance is something that is found out from their most punctual experience of connection .Primarily from their fundamental carer yet additionally from others in the principal year of life. Steel (2008) found a significant connection between's a kid who has an uncertain or avoidant connection and their absence of capacity to interpret the importance of outward appearance. In this way suggesting the nature of the main proportional collaboration that a child encounters sets the standard for the nature of social cooperation later on. â€Å"This taking in is preverbal from the main year of life, sufficiently yetâ powerful to give itself 6 years and after 11 years inâ emotion acknowledgment tasks† (Steele et al., p. 388). Conduct plan The proposed conduct plan expects to help the kid and carers in encouraging difference in undesirable practices, address the issue of enthusiastic guideline which is concerning the carers and experts engaged with the kid. The basis is interrelated to the techniques and their hypotheses. The undesirable practices laid out that will be tended to is ruining, pulled back conduct and (â€Å"seems upset and cries a lot† ) see reference section 2. Play treatment The idea of play treatment was brought into psychotherapy by Freud following his work with Little Hans. Freud (1909) explained the idea of play treatment and its capacity to advance free articulation, wish satisfaction, and authority of awful accidents. To upgrade a child’s prosperity and boost their latent capacity utilizing remedial individual focused advising. The relationship of play treatment gives a meaning of have treatment and what influence it can play in a child’s prosperity. The place2b(2009) look into model gives proof that remedial help got to through elementary schools either by means of gathering or individual, improves children’s social and passionate conduct. Lee,Tiley and White(2009) † The orderly utilization of a hypothetical model to set up a relational procedure wherein prepared specialists utilize the restorative forces of play to assist customers with forestalling or resolve psychosocial challenges and accomplish ideal development and advancement APT (2008)㠢⠁â · (Landreth2002) relevantly expressed that play is a child’s language and toys are their words. Reference list . Web. [http://www.a4pt.org]. Relationship for Play Therapy. About Play Therapy Overview. (20081024)22.00 28/01/14 American expert society of the maltreatment of kids . Demonstrative an

Using Useful Topics in English Writing

Using Useful Topics in English WritingIs your high school English class starting to feel a little 're-educational' these days? Maybe the topics being covered in your English course seem too advanced for your age group. Or maybe you feel like things are too familiar or you don't understand the basic vocabulary and concepts used in your English classes.There is no reason for your English classes to be boring. There are some great ways to get your students more interested in the topics that you're teaching and to increase their ability to grasp more complicated words and concepts when they encounter them in the workplace or other learning situations. Take some time to consider some examples of topical essays that may help you learn more about the topics you're covering in your English classes.One way to get students more interested in global perspectives is to have them write on a topic that they are familiar with. For example, your class may be using the term 'Africa' in the context of an essay about a trip to Africa. Rather than just use 'Africa' in an essay about the continent of Africa, you may want to include some examples of questions students can ask about the term 'Africa.' It can also be helpful to include an answer key that can be used when they are unable to find a complete definition of the term in the essay.Another way to get students more interested in global perspectives is to look at current events and news stories that deal with international issues, globalization, and human rights. Use the examples from your class assignments to provide students with relevant information and spark a curiosity about these topics.Not everyone's mind works the same way. Some students will always prefer to read and absorb facts and ideas while others will prefer to think and analyze. Those who love to analyze and think will find that these topical essays will help them to explore the issues more deeply and will get them to think about the ways in which they can apply their knowledge of these topics in their own lives. For this reason, topical essays are a great way to help students hone their writing skills and prepare themselves for the work they'll be doing in college and in the future.Everyone has experienced what it's like to be in class when one person, who is the only person not participating in class discussions, feels isolated and forgotten. The best way to help students to have this experience in class is to provide them with topical essays that provide them with important ideas about topics that will be discussed in class. While the assignment itself is going to serve as a learning tool, it's also important to remember that these topics can also have real world applications for students outside of class.Topics that don't make the grade in your English class might be a good idea to use in your college English writing or your professional writing. A topical essay may be useful in a college English writing assignment that you are require d to give to a client, a college student, or your boss. You may find that an essay like this will help to introduce your writer to new words and concepts, give him or her an introduction to the idea of global perspectives, and help them develop a better understanding of how and why they should use those perspectives to write or present their own pieces of writing.These examples are just a few examples of topical essays that are useful in helping students gain an understanding of the topic and increase their writing skills. Look through the Cambridge Global Perspectives Essay Sample and get your students ready for more challenging and meaningful writing by including this important tool in your next class assignment.

The Significance of the Female Pen in Aphra Behn’s Oroonoko and Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey - Literature Essay Samples

The decision to become a female author in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was a daunting task in itself, never mind choosing to narrate your work from a female, personal perspective. Such was the case of two famous texts that are read through a female narrative voice, Oroonoko and Northanger Abbey. Aphra Behn’s Oroonoko, tells the story of an African prince who becomes captured and forced into slavery in the British colony of Surinam in the West Indies, while Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey follows the life of her protagonist, Catherine, through her journeys at Bath and Northanger Abbey. While their stories are unique, through a female narrative voice both women are able to situate themselves according to how they would like their readers to view them. The role of Behn and Austen as female narrators is advantageous to both women in that it offers them a certain authority over their respective texts while also eliminating any personal accountability.Behn demonstr ates authority by interrupting the text to interject her own personal opinions, a strategy ultimately meant to control the reader’s perception of her. Behn’s first address to her readers proves this to be true when she makes it clear that Oroonoko is a story â€Å"without the addition of invention,† one not written to â€Å"entertain [her] readers with the adventures of a feigned hero† (2137). It can be noted that these statements were designed not only to display her authority, by assuring her audience that the events were fact rather than fiction, but to lend a certain credibility thus ensuring the reader is likely to trust her and think her reliable for the duration of the story. Behn additionally interrupts the text to provide a context as to why she was on the island of Surinam, explaining that her father was to be â€Å"lieutenant-general of six and thirty islands, besides the continent of Surinam,† and upon arrival in the country, â€Å"the best house in it was presented to [her]† (3162). By informing the readers of her father’s social status, and hers, she is able to show that she is part of the governing, dominant force of the island, setting her apart from the slaves and once again proving her authority over the story. Perhaps the most interesting way in which Behn displays control is through the continuous use of phrases like â€Å"I do assure my reader† and â€Å"as I said† throughout the story (2140). While she remains, for the most part, silent when relaying the part of Oroonoko’s story that she was not present for, Behn still manages to remind the reader that she has full control over the text by unnecessarily tacking on statements like the ones above. Through the recognition of her social status and constant interjections of personal opinion throughout the story, Behn controls the way the reader perceives her, ultimately exhibiting her power over her work. While Behn exer cises her authority over the text, it can still be read as a true reflection of the times in which she was writing, as a female author in the seventeenth century was still considered to be a very new and developing concept. It is clear that Behn struggles with her identity as a female author and could be reflecting this in her writing as she blatantly undermines her own talent when she speaks of Oroonoko’s story saying, â€Å"his misfortune was to fall on an obscure world, that only afforded a female pen to celebrate his fame,† but then contradicts herself by explaining that not many people could have told his story better than her (2158). In her informative journal, Gender and Narrative in the Fiction of Aphra Behn, Jacqueline Pearson explains that while authority and power constitute a central theme in Behn’s work, â€Å"her ambiguous status as white (and therefore powerful) but also female (and therefore powerless)† almost compromises her authorial pow er due to her gender (187). In this way, we can see Behn conforming to the social limits of her gender that were true of her time while still struggling to maintain a certain authority throughout the text. Through the provision and interjection of personal opinions and the claim of a certain ownership over her characters, Austen displays authority and remains in control of her story, Northanger Abbey. Though Austen initially speaks ill of her character, Catherine, she eventually obtains a sense of ownership over her when her behaviour finally becomes agreeable to Austen. This can be noted when it seems as though Austen takes credit for her new and improved protagonist when she says, â€Å"had the company only seen her three years before, they would now have thought her exceedingly handsome† (47). Austen further flaunts her control over her character when she says â€Å"I bring back my heroine to her home in solitude and disgrace† (224), and â€Å"I may dismiss my hero ine to the sleepless couch† (107). Naming Catherine, â€Å"my heroine,† not only reminds the reader that Austen is the one in control, an authority that only the female narrator could possess, but also shows Austen marking her territory by treating Catherine as a type of possession. An additional, if not equally as interesting, way that Austen remains in control of the novel is by including her opinion of women reading novels – a subject of much debate during the time in which Northanger Abbey was written. Austen whole-heartedly defends her choice to have Catherine and Isabella read novels when she says â€Å"Yes, novels; for I will not adopt that ungenerous and impolitic custom so common with novel writers,† clearly refusing to be an author that portrays her heroine as one who mocks novel reading (58). Austen’s personal opinions serve to strengthen the ultimate authority that she holds over her story. In contrast to her authoritative role, by completely removing herself from the events in Oroonoko which readers may deem to be particularly problematic or disturbing, Behn is able to rid herself of any personal responsibility thus shifting blame onto others. The first event which we see Behn assume an objective position occurs after Oroonoko has been brutally whipped as a punishment for leading his fellow slaves in an attempt to escape. While, as a narrator, Behn is usually quick to inform the reader of her authoritative qualities, she is nowhere to be found at the time of Oroonoko’s lashing. Later explaining the reason for her absence, she rationalizes that she was not around to protect Oroonoko because she had heard that he was coming to â€Å"cut all [their] throats† (2173). Behn even visits Oroonoko to â€Å"protest [her] innocence of the fact† and â€Å"[beg] as many pardons for the offenders† (2173). When describing the event, Behn strategically uses the word â€Å"they† wh en speaking of the offenders, making it clear to her readers that she was in no way involved or associated with the crime, effectively removing any accountability off of her. Oroonoko’s death serves as the second example in which we see Behn carefully void herself of responsibility through the use of third person language. Upon her departure, Behn says the people who had Oroonoko in custody â€Å"promised all to take what possible care they could of [him]†, but killed him as soon as she was gone (2177). The very act of removing herself from Surinam renders her unaccountable for the death of Oroonoko due to the lack of her physical presence. Because she has the power as a female narrator, Behn strategically remains objective during the less agreeable events in the story so as to shift blame away from her allowing the reader to continue to view her in a positive light. In an interesting approach, like Behn, Austen rids herself of all responsibility in regards to her less than ideal heroine, Catherine. Introducing her protagonist, Austen immediately informs the reader of Catherine’s shortcomings as a typical heroine, describing her as an average girl who â€Å"for many years of her life [was] plain as any† (37). Austen continues to belittle her character by calling her â€Å"often inattentive and occasionally stupid† (38), further explaining that she was â€Å"not remarkable† at any of the things that classify a typical heroine, such as drawing and writing (38). Austen’s detachment and lack of responsibility of Catherine’s characteristics become clear when she speaks of her saying, â€Å"What a strange, unaccountable character!† (39). By casting her protagonist in a negative light, Austen makes it seem as if she were cursed to have to deal with such a character that does not meet the standards typical of a heroine, therefore prompting the reader to sympathize with her for taking on such a difficult ta sk. In her article, Northanger Abbey and the Limits of Parody, Tara Ghoshal-Wallace examines Austen’s unique approach, explaining that she â€Å"mocks and undermines her own chosen method so that both narrative and reader are kept off balance† (262). It is not until Catherine reaches the age of fifteen, when her â€Å"appearances were mending† and she became â€Å"almost pretty,† that we begin to see Austen take ownership of her character (39). So, despite Catherine â€Å"[falling] miserably short of the true heroic height† (41), Austen manages to remain in good standings with her audience as it is understood that the less than average qualities displayed by her protagonist were not her responsibility.Because a female author’s gender was an obstacle to how their work was received during this time, both Behn and Austen found ways to strategically remain in control of their respective texts while managing to avoid any accountability for the as pects of their stories which were disagreeable to the reader. Clearly, it was important to each author to interrupt the text in order to impart their own opinions upon the reader while still saving face. A further point which would be interesting to consider would be how each text might differ if the authors had chosen not to narrate from a female, personal perspective. Works CitedAusten, Jane. Northanger Abbey. 2nd ed. Ed. Claire Grogran. Toronto: Broadview, 2002. Print. Behn, Aphra. â€Å"Oroonoko.† The Longman Anthology of British Literature. 4th ed. Ed. David Damrosch and Kevin J. H. Dettmar. New York: Pearson Education, 2010. 2137-2178. Print. Ghoshal-Wallace, Tara. â€Å"Northanger Abbey and the Limits of Parody.† Studies in the Novel 3 (1988): 262-273. Web. Accessed Nov. 24, 2012. Pearson, Jacqueline. â€Å"Gender and Narrative in the Fiction of Aphra Behn.† The Review of English Studies 166 (1991): 179-190. Web. Accessed Nov. 24, 2012.

The Electoral College - What Happens if There Is a Tie

The  Members of the Electoral College are chosen by each state and the District of Columbia on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November in presidential election years. Each political party nominates its own candidates for the position of presidential elector. The 538 members of the Electoral College cast their votes for President and Vice President in meetings held in the 50 state capitals and the District of Columbia in mid-December of presidential election years. If all 538 electors are appointed, 270 electoral votes (i.e., a majority of 538 members of the Electoral College) are required to elect the President and the Vice President. Question: What happens if there is a tie in the electoral college? Since there are 538 electoral votes, it is feasibly possible for the presidential electoral vote to end in a 269-269 tie. An electoral tie has not happened since the adoption of the US Constitution in 1789. However, the 12th amendment to the US Constitution addresses what happens if there is a tie in electoral votes. Answer: According to the 12th Amendment, if there is a tie, the new president would be decided by the House of Representatives. Each state is only given one vote, no matter how many representatives it has. The winner will be the one who wins 26 states. The House has until March 4th to decide on the president. On the other hand, the Senate would decide on the new Vice President. Each Senator would get one vote, and the winner would be the one who received 51 votes. There have been suggested amendments to fix the Electoral College:  The American public overwhelmingly favors direct election of the president.   Gallup surveys from the 1940s found over half of those who knew what the electoral college was thought it should not be continued. Since 1967, majorities in Gallup polls have supported an amendment abolishing the electoral college, with peak support at 80% in 1968. Suggestions have included an amendment with three provisions: requiring every state to award electoral votes based on a popular vote in that state or the nation as a whole; replacing human electors with votes to be cast automatically according to the states rules; and awarding the presidency to the national popular vote winner if no candidate wins an Electoral College majority.According to the ROPER POLL website,   Polarization on this [Electoral College] issue became significant after the events of the 2000 election...Enthusiasm for the popular vote at the time was moderate among Democrats, but skyrocketed after Gore won the popular vote while losing the electoral college. Adoption of the National Popular Vote plan:  Advocates of a national popular vote for president are focusing their reform efforts on a   proposal that has been steadily advancing in state legislatures: the National Popular Vote plan for president.The National Popular Vote plan is an interstate agreement that relies on states constitutional powers to allocate electoral votes and to enter into binding interstate compacts. This plan guarantees election of the presidential candidate who wins the most popular votes in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Participating states will award all their electoral votes as a block to the winner of the national popular vote once the law is passed in states holding a majority of the nations electoral votes. As of today, it has been enacted in states representing nearly half of the 270 electoral votes necessary to trigger the agreement in 2016. Learn more about the electoral college: What is the electoral college?Why did the Founding Fathers create electors?How many total electoral votes are there?How many electoral votes does a candidate need to win?Which states have the most electoral votes?How many electors does each state have?What about Washington, D.C. and the electoral vote?Who are the electors?What procedure is followed for the electors to vote?Has someone received a plurality of the vote yet lost in the electoral college?Has a tie ever occurred in the electoral college? When?Why dont the candidates get a proportion of the electoral vote?If the states winner chooses electors, wont the person with the most votes win?Why have elections when the states winner will receive all the electoral votes?When do we finally have an official winner?